FREQUENCY AND DISTRIBUTION OF LAMBDACISM AND RHOTACISM IN 5-6 YEARS OLD CHILDREN
Keywords:
lambdacism, rhotacism, articulation, speech sound, speechAbstract
Introduction: In the child’s speech development, speech sound appears first. Speech sound is the primary means of expression and articulation disorders can hinder the comprehensibility of children’s speech. The improper speech can limit the child’s inclusion in the social and educational environment.
Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on a random sample selected from preventive examinations for early diagnosis of impairments of hearing, speech and sounds in children aged 5-6 years. In the selected sample (n=275) of boys and girls, from rural or urban area, the frequency and distribution of lambdacism, rhotacism, or both disorders together were analyzed. The data was statistically and descriptively analyzed, and presented in tables and figures.
Results: In the analyzed sample, greater presence of lambdacism was observed before lambdacism-rhotacism and rhotacism. Most commonly the articulation disorder appearred alone, as lambdacism or rhotacism, followed by lambdacism-rhotacism, i.e., both disorders together. The disorders were more common among boys than among girls.
Conclusion: The study offers useful information about the prevalence of lambdacism, rhotacism and lambdacism-rhotacism in children of different gender and place of residence. The obtained findings can help in better understanding of the situation and establishing timely diagnosis and planning of the rehabilitation that will enable easier and faster integration of the children in the social and educational environment without long-lasting consequences.
References
Junuzović-Žunić L, Ibrahimagić A. Analysis of Errors in Children with Sigmatismus in the Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Language. Journal of Special Education and Rehabilitation 2012; 13(1-2):95-107. doi: 10.2478/v10215-011-0020-8.
Randolph CC. Overview of Phonological Disorders: The Language-Based Speech Sound Disorder. Journal of Phonetics and Audiology 2017; 3(1):128. doi:10.4172/2471-9455.1000128.
Filić M, Kolundžić Z, Vidović I. Speech and language skills, pre-reading, pre-writing and pre-mathematical skills of 7-year old children before entering school in Požega-Slavonia County. Logopedics 2017; 7(2):49-55. doi: 10.31299/log.7.2.2.
Farago E, Arapović D, Heđever M. Phonologic-articulatory disorders in Croatian children. Croatian Review of Rehabilitation Research 1998; 34(2):165-182. https://hrcak.srce.hr/101122. Accessed 26.01.2024.
Georgievska-Jancheska, T. Lambdacism, Rhotacism and Sigmatism in Preschool Children: Frequency and Distribution. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7(3):336-340. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.144.
Stanković-Milićević I, Golubović S, Kašić Z. Regional pronunciation and non-typical articulation in preschool children. Belgrade School of Special Education and Rehabilitation 2014; 20(3):613-626.
Jurišić I. Phonological-articulation disorder in bilingual children in elementary schools. Putokazi 2017; 5(2):283-296.
Filipova S, Levenska G, Ikadinović-Talevska N. The meaning of the prevention with speech therapy as a important factor for the proper development of the children speech. Journal of Special Education and Rehabilitation 1999; 3(3-4):38-42. http://jser.fzf.ukim.edu.mk/pdf/1999-34/038-042-Filipova-Levenska.pdf Accessed 01.05.2024
Junuzović-Žunić L, Banović S, Bratovčić V. Motor abilities of children with articulation disorders. Actual defectological practice - International thematic collection of papers. Society of defectologists of Vojvodina, Novi Sad 2015; 171-181.
Alić Z, Radić B, Kantić A. Prevalence of sigmatism and length of the treatment at children with sigmatism. Educa 2016; 9(9):101-110.
Vila A, Opsenica S. Testing the presence of speech and language disorders in preschool and early school age children. Nova Skola 2015; 10(1):78-89. https://novaskola.pfb.ues.rs.ba/index.php/ns/article/view/137.
Ristić S. The prevalence and risk factors for the development of speech disorders pupils in the first class elementary school city of Niš and the surrounding PhD diss., University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, 2014.
Shriberg LD, Tomblin JB, McSweeny JL. Prevalence of speech delay in 6-year-old children and comorbidity with language impairment. J Speech Lang Hear Res 1999; 42(6):1461-1481. doi: 10.1044/jslhr.4206.1461.
Hoff-Ginsberg E. Mother-child conversation in different social classes and communicative settings. Child Dev 1991; 62(4):782-796. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01569.x.
Burt L, Holm A, Dodd B. Phonological awareness skills of 4-year-old British children: An assessment and developmental data. Int J Lang Commun Disord 1999; 34(3):311-335. doi: 10.1080/136828299247432.
