HERPES ZOSTER IN 5-YEAR-OLD GIRL WITH NO PREVIOUS HISTORY OF CHICKENPOX: CASE REPORT
Keywords:
Herpes Zoster, pediatric, case reportAbstract
This case report describes a herpes zoster infection in an immunocompetent 5-yearold girl, whose hetero-anamnesis from the parents provides information that the girl has not had chickenpox, and that she was not vaccinated against chickenpox, the mother denies that she had chickenpox as a child, and during pregnancy.
Case report: A 5-year-old girl with the appearance of a macule, papule, vesicular rash in the area of the chest and back, in the area of the 4th, 5th, and 6th dermatome, in the form of clusters. Before the appearance of a rash accompanied by burning pain. Serological analyses in addition to Herpes Zoster infection with elevated values of ELISA VZV IgM positive + 2.8, ELFA VZV IgG-+1.38 positive.
This case of a 5-year-old girl with herpes zoster, without previous evidence of varicella infection or immunodeficiency, presents a unique and interesting clinical scenario. It highlights the complexity of VZV infections and the need for comprehensive clinical and immunological evaluations in pediatric patients with herpes zoster. Future research in the mechanisms of viral latency and reactivation in such atypical cases will be critical to enhance our knowledge and management of VZV infections in children.
References
Dworkin RH, Johnson RW, Breuer J, Gnann JW, Levin JM, Backonja M, et al. Recommendations for the management of herpes zoster. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44 Suppl 1: S1-S26. doi: 10.1086/510206.
Watanabe D. Cutaneous Herpesvirus Infection. Brain Nerve 2019; 71(4): 302308. doi: 10.11477/mf.1416201266.
Heineman TC, Cunningham A, Levin M. Understanding the immunology of Shingrix, a recombinant glycoprotein E adjuvanted herpes zoster vaccine. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 59: 42-48. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.02.009.
Marin M, Meissner HC, Seward JF. Varicella prevention in the United States: a review of successes and challenges. Pediatrics 2008; 122(3): 744-751. doi:
1542/peds.2008-0567.
Goh CL, Khoo L. A retrospective study of the clinical presentation and outcome of herpes zoster in a tertiary dermatology outpatient referral clinic. Int J Dermatol 1997; 36(9): 667-672. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00241.x.
Wood MJ, Kay R, Dworkin RH, Soong SJ, Whitley RJ. Oral acyclovir therapy accelerates pain resolution in patients with herpes zoster: a meta-analysis of placebocontrolled trials. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22(2): 341-347. doi: 10.1093/clinids/22.2.341.
Jackson JL, Gibbons R, Meyer G, Inouye L. The effect of treating herpes zoster with oral acyclovir in preventing postherpetic neuralgia. A meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 909. PMID: 9129551.
Prabhu S, Sripathi H, Gupta S, Prabhu M. Childhood herpes zoster: a clustering of ten cases. Indian J Dermatol 2009; 54(1): 62-64. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.48991.
Shang BS, Hung CJJ, Lue KH. Herpes Zoster in an Immunocompetent Child without a History of Varicella. Pediatric Reports 2021; 13(2): 162. doi:10.3390/pediatric13020022.
Pediatric Herpes Zoster - The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine. Accessed June 23, 2024. https://westjem.com/case-report/pediatric-herpes-zoster.html
