PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL RISK FACTORS IN OVERWEIGHT CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA
Keywords:
Asthma, body mass index, children, obesity, overweight, risk factors.Abstract
There is undoubtedly an increased risk of asthma in overweight children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between prenatal exposure and postnatal events and the development of asthma in overweight children. A total of 112 children aged 7-17 years were included in this prospective study. Thirty-eight had asthma and a normal body mass index (BMI), 33 were overweight with asthma, and 41 were overweight children. A medical history was taken from every child’s parent. No significant association between premature birth, gestational age, birth wight, delivery mode, maternal smoking status during pregnancy within the groups was found. Mothers of overweight children with asthma were most likely using antibiotics (12.1%) in the first 3 months of pregnancy. Familial atopy was significantly more associated with asthma as well overweight and asthma compared to overweight [OR=3.937 (1.46-10.61) 95%CI] vs. [OR=5.880 (1.89-18.23) 99%CI], respectively. According to the analysis, most children born as small for gestational age (SGA) 7(17.1%) were in the overweight group. For p<0.05, a significant difference in the number of older siblings was determined between overweight/asthma/overweight + asthma groups for consecutive Mann-Whitney U Test: Z=-2.619; p=0.009. Breastfeeding, vaccination, attendance at kindergarten, having pats and annual frequency of antibiotic treatment in the first 3 years, have no statistical significance.
Conclusion: Familial atopy was confirmed as one of the prenatal risk factors for asthma in childhood, independent of BMI. We did not confirm the "hygiene hypothesis" probably due to the small number of subjects for epidemiological analysis.
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